Reference: attributes

azimuth attribute

The azimuth attribute is specified in the W3C's CSS 2.0 specifications as a style property. It is used as an attribute in MML.

The azimuth attribute (horizontal angle) is often used together with the elevation attribute (vertical angle).

Values

Sound can be declared in a fixed position, or as if it is moving in a certain direction.

Fixed position

Values for sound in a static/fixed position:

• angle: the position of the sound source relative to the listener is specified as a degree
  '0deg' = directly in front
  '90deg' = right-side
  '180deg' = behind
  '270deg' = '-90deg' = left-side
• left-side: '270deg' = '-90deg' = left
  'left-side behind' = '270deg'
• far-left: '300deg'
  'far-left behind' = '240deg'
• left: = '320deg'
  'left behind' = '220deg'
• center-left: ='340deg'
  'center-left behind' = '200deg'
• center: = '0deg'
  'center behind' = '180deg'
• center-right: = '20deg'
  'center-right behind' = 160eg'
• right: = '40deg'
  'right behind' = '140deg'
• far-right: = '60deg'
  'far-right behind' = '120deg'
• right-side: = '90deg'
  'right-side behind' = '90deg'
• behind: = '180deg'

Moving sound

Values for moving sound:

• leftwards: sound moves in a leftwards direction in decreasing steps of 20deg (ie -20deg). This movement is thus counter-clockwise.
• rightwards: sound moves in a rightwards direction in increasing steps of 20deg (ie +20deg). This movement is thus clockwise.

Here is a table summarizing the values:

Example

In this example the horizontal angle is right at the back, thus 180 degrees while the vertical angle of the sound source is 10 degrees.

<instrument azimuth="180deg" elevation="10deg">
...

© 1999, 2000 Author: Jacques Steyn